The Decision – It’s always better to make a decision than not make one at all

It’s been a while since I sat down and wrote a blog post – I’ve been very busy over the past few months with Pint Drop, things have taken off and we have lots of exciting announcements in store to be released over the next couple of months, so keep on the lookout! ;)

It was just over a year ago now that I had the initial brain wave for the Pint Drop concept – it’s staggering to think since then how much the idea has come along, the various tangents we’ve come up with for the product and all the twists and turns we have taken to get where we are now.

In the last year I’ve been running two companies, whilst negotiating the sale of one of them and leading the other. It’s been by no means an easy task, and really highlights how important it is to make decisions. Making a decision is better than not making one at all. The stress of everything going on at the same time last year, meant that I could not truly focus on my degree and also couldn’t fully focus on either of my businesses, so my time and effort was split. I decided I had to sell File Den, and that I would need time out from my degree to make a serious attempt at Pint Drop. It’s for this reason I took the leap in August to request temporary withdrawal from my degree.

Thankfully, the request was granted without too much hassle and the department at the university were more than happy to support me, wishing me all the best with my business. I’m sure that if I went back this term I would have frequently been choosing between working towards an exam, or piece of coursework and adding that new feature to Pint Drop – this allows me to do something that I’ve never really had the chance to do in my life, and that’s focus on one thing. Since the age of 14 I’ve been juggling education with business, and it’s great to now be able to sit down and work without having to worry about an essay or coursework deadline. It also means I can work on what I truly love, start-ups. (As exciting as Fourier transforms may be..)

I still have the option available to return in the future to my second year, technically I can have up to 2 years out before returning to where I left off. Although, if everything goes as planned, it won’t be necessary.

I think it’s great to be able to get involved in a start-up whilst at university (it’s the perfect opportunity to meet like minded people, and find partners that complement your skillset) but it is important not to divide your focus too much, or you’ll perform sub-optimally in everything you do. Know your limits. I’ve had many people giving me variously well constructed iterations of the following: “don’t leave your degree, focus on finishing that then go out and do what you want, at least then you’ll have something to fall back on if everything goes wrong” – my answer to this is always if I’m not focussed on Pint Drop, and don’t believe 100% in it, why am I working on it in the first place? I can still go back in 1 year, or 2 years if necessary – it’s not the end of the world. Would I really ever want to get a “normal” job anyway? I’m pretty set on being my own boss: being the creator of my own path and destiny.

Has entrepreneurship become too glamorous?

The media is making founding a start-up look increasingly attractive to young people across the world – which is great, but is entrepreneurship being over-glamorised? Do young people really know what they’re getting themselves in for when they start a new company? One of the most obvious examples to citate is that of ‘The Social Network’ – the film showing the origins of Facebook and how it came to be what it is today. Throughout the film Facebook was illustrated as a tremendous amount of fun, almost all the time – with parties, drinking competitions to hire programmers and millions of dollars flying around consistently.

Television programs like ‘The Dragons Den’ show lots of aspiring entrepreneurs pitching their new ideas to potential investors, and Tech Crunch is quick to report on every single fund raising made by a start-up. This may seem innocent on the surface, but is it having an underlying effect on young entrepreneurs of moving the goalposts? Do entrepreneurs see success in raising capital, and less so in the execution of their idea and generating a valuable exit? Raising investment should be seen less as an achievement, and more of a catalyst to achieve your real goal of developing a successful business.

Raising capital is one of the very early stages of setting up a company, and it’s only going to get harder. Imagine, for example, you have 10 employees working for you, of whom many are becoming friends of yours. There’s some cataclysmic disaster either within your business or market, and your income suddenly drops off. You only have 2 months of capital remaining – if you make half your team redundant, you can extend this runway by 4 months, enough time to raise more money, or turn things around. You have two options, you either let the company fail, or fire 5 friends of yours. All those early stage investors will be coming down on you like a ton of bricks to ensure that the prior option does not occur, leaving you with the task of firing your 5 friends. Your 5 friends will have mortgages, families and other commitments. These are the kind of decisions you are getting yourself in for when you start a company – and in 99% of cases you will be forced to make similar decisions, only the luckiest of founders escape. Marc Randolph, for example, is known for describing his first few years as CEO at Netflix as “four years of pissing blood”.

It’s not by all means doom and gloom, the highs are high and realising significant achievements within your start-up is a fantastic feeling. So don’t let this post discourage you from starting a company, but be aware that it’s not all sunshine and rainbows, that running a business is real, hard work and that raising money isn’t the end of it. You will then be far more adequately prepared to make your business a success.

Is it a bubble? Or just a new tech boom?

It seems to be one of the main talking points in tech for the last couple of weeks, especially with the announcement of Color, and release of the news that they have secured $41M in funding, for a product no one knows anything much about, beyond it being a service which streams other people’s photos to your phone. Tech Crunch highlighted a piss-take pitch deck for color.xxx and  the comments illustrate the huge variations in opinion people have. Both the founders have quite impressive CV’s, having previously formed companies with exits that have created value, so are the people that invested in Color really off their rocker?

In the year 2000, at the point of the dotcom bubble bursting, there were 361 million internet users worldwide. This figure pales in comparison to even the 500 million users that one website, Facebook, has today. The total number of internet users today stands at a massive 1.9 billion, 5.3x as many as there were in 2000 – and these people are spending far longer online too, 117% more in 2009 than in 2004. Now lets look back at some of the famous valuations from before the bubble burst: Webvan reached a peak market cap of $8.4 billion (~$10 billion today); Geocities was purchased by Yahoo for $3.57 billion (~$4.4 billion today); The Learning Company sold to Mattel for $3.5 billion (~$4.3 billion today). Compare these valuations with today, whereby we have Facebook selling shares for a market cap of $80 billion, with 40% more users than the size of the whole of the online market back in 2000, spending several times as much time online and things don’t look nearly as bad.

Things have come a long way since the bubble, companies such as Facebook are not comparable with these huge failures – these companies have so much information about you and I, and they’re only just beginning to learn how to make use of it. The web is fast becoming a necessity of our everyday lives – we have the internet on our phones and pretty much wherever we go; we’re storing our data in the cloud; finding new music we like and can buy almost everything we need in this one place. This hugely increases the value of the total market being aimed for and it’s only going to grow over the coming years.

Sure, valuations are on the increase after the 2008 recession, people are beginning to invest again and there will be more failures to come; but not on the scale of the dotcom failures mentioned earlier in this post, and the successes will by far outshine the failures. This generation of online companies will be the one to solve some of the biggest hurdles left to jump, online applications will be as much a part of the time you spend off the computer as on it. Why text a loads of friends to ask for some advice on that new phone when you can instantly ask hundreds of facebook friends? Why go into a restaurant for a meal you know nothing about? You can now find out what other people think of it from outside the door; send real gift vouchers instantly online, without the chance of the receiver losing it, or never receiving it in the post at all and find out quickly where your friends are on a given night with location based apps so that you don’t have to spend ages texting or phoning around to find out where anyone is. These improvements in technology, and the point where real value is added – the intersection with real world activity is now here. Facebook is in the ideal position to leverage this technology and monetise its userbase to a scary amount. If I had the money to invest, my money would certainly be in these companies with the huge valuations like Facebook, Groupon and Twitter as this whole new generation evolves, not shorting them. Oh and full props to the Color team for raising all that money – it’s easy to laugh from the outside and say how ridiculous it is, but I bet you couldn’t do it. Wait to see the product first, maybe Color will have the last laugh.

Dealing with malware on your website

It happens to most websites at some stage or another, someone finds an exploit *somewhere* and manages to in some fashion alter your website or, in many recent cases, inject malware with the intent of infecting the loyal customer base you have built up over the years. Running an online storage company, exploits come into particular focus. As soon as you let your users upload files, you are opening yourself up to a whole host of potential new attacks, and drawing a line between usability and security can be tough.

In this post I will focus on one form of attack that File Den recently experienced, the iframe injection. An iframe injection is when someone manages to somehow display an iframe to your users, usually with an external source. These iframes are typically very small and impossible to see by most users visiting your website, even if they looked for it. The code executed on the page included in the iframe attack is typically some form of pdf or flash exploit which attempts to install malware on the user’s machine.

Spotting one of these attacks is usually quite simple, most good anti-viruses will detect this kind of malware, and google chrome also does its own checks, which are constantly improving. As a web master google chrome’s checks can be extremely frustrating – as they blacklist websites found to contain any malware. In the event that your website becomes infected and google chrome finds it – your users can be facing horrible warnings from google for hours (or even days) after you have removed the infection until google reviews your website again and deems it clean.

The hardest part of dealing with such an event is finding the exploit that lead to the malware infection. The first thing to do is to update all the common software your website uses, for example WordPress and Forum software. It is important to keep these up-to-date, to prevent these malware attacks occurring in the first place. 95% of the time you will be able to trace the exploit back to a piece of generic software you use – to exploit bespoke parts of your website is much more difficult, as an attacker cannot see the source code and will have to spend a lot of time attempting various possible attacks to find anything. (Providing your website has been developed well!)

One common string worth searching all your files for is the following:

eval ( base64_decode(

Typically these attacks write some form of PHP to a backdoor file, which allows the attacker to come in and repeatedly attack your website. You can usually find this file by searching for the above individual functions. It should be very clear as to which files aren’t supposed to be there, the base64 encoding means that all of the functions to be executed by the script are hidden from you (at least at a very simple level) making it quite difficult to otherwise spot or search for. When you find the backdoor file, delete it and search through the various logs your web server makes for any incidence of the PHP file. From this, you should be able to determine the time it was created and which file was called to create it – allowing you to fix the original exploit itself. If the exploit is in WordPress, forum software or some other open source software, make sure to report it to the appropriate company.

On a closing note, always keep your software up-to-date and where possible keep your generic software on a different server to your main website itself. So for example, if you run your website over at greatwebapp.com, put forums.greatwebapp.com and blog.greatwebapp.com on separate servers, to ensure that an exploit in common software isn’t exploited to damage your main website. If you are having problems tracking down an exploit, then http://sucuri.net/ come well recommended, and provide both one off clean-up services and recurring packages to ensure that your website is always clean and secure.

Busy, busy, busy.. Who needs a degree?

Since finishing work over at Zoombu last September (which incidentally has since been acquired by Sky Scanner), a huge amount has happened. Pint Drop was conceptualised on a rather dull train journey back from London and was officially formed in October, the same month that I embarked on another journey, studying Computer Science & Business Studies at the University of Warwick. I spent a lot of time during this early period trying to decide what was best to do, whether I needed a degree and at times I came close to choosing to work on Pint Drop full time. In November 2009 I left the Computing course over at Imperial for numerous reasons, and knew that if I took the same route this time that I would definitely not be going back to university.

Deciding on whether to continue higher education or not is doubtlessly a big decision faced by many entrepreneurs over the world. We are bombarded with examples of entrepreneurs who have made it despite being “drop outs”, examples include Sir Richard Branson, the founder of Virgin who left school at 16 and more recently Mark Zuckerberg, who dropped out of Harvard. You could not argue that these people made the wrong decision. I spent most of my career at school being sent down a very specific path: you take your GCSEs, A-Levels, leave, go to university (perhaps after a typical gap year, where you travel for several months or work in a ski resort for a while), get a degree and go on to a graduate job at a large corporate firm. At school we were never given much indication that there were alternatives – that you could start your own business and be successful without a degree. The school just wanted as many people as possible on their list going to the top 10 universities. This attitude has led to lots of people on campuses taking a degree, with little idea why they are taking it. They are taking a degree because they feel that they have to, that if they don’t they will be a failure. They have no idea what they want to do after university, whether their degree will even help them in what they want to do.

At Imperial College, I fell into the “they” group above. I didn’t really know what I wanted to do when I began. Imperial had told me all about their £35k+ average starting salary for their graduates and I didn’t feel like there was much of an alternative if I wanted to have a successful career – I had the opportunity to study at one of the world’s best universities. With an  Imperial degree I would be set for life. The reality was very different – a few weeks into my degree I was having substantial doubts over whether I wanted to be doing this for the next few years. I hated the course and it wasn’t long until I left. The few weeks after leaving were fairly traumatic – I’d just made the decision to leave the degree I spent the last 2 years studying intensely for, all those stressful times pushing myself to make sure I got all the A’s I would need to meet their offer had been wasted. What would I do now? I didn’t know what I wanted to do with myself or where I wanted to go.

For a couple of months I did very little, made a few small websites – considered starting a local web development and SEM firm, finally deciding that I would try to get a job. Surely I wouldn’t have a problem getting a development job with all the relevant programming experience I had over the years. For weeks I was sending off applications, heard nothing back and quickly realised that I wasn’t going to get a job I enjoyed without a degree. I begun looking at universities again, learning from what I disliked about Imperial College to pick a course and university that really suited what and where I wanted to go. I knew that I wanted to work in the online space and narrowed down my chosen courses to two: Computer Science & Management at Loughborough and Computer Science & Business Studies at Warwick. Loughborough’s course was very web focussed and Warwick’s left a huge amount of flexibility in choosing exactly which modules I wanted to do throughout the degree. I ended up choosing Warwick – I felt that the degree would challenge me more after reading the module descriptions and both the business school and CS department had great reputations.

After sending off my university applications, I changed my approach to trying to find some work for the summer. I went onto the UK Crunchboard and looked at all the London start-ups that were hiring. I sent every single one a targeted email explaining what I had done in the past, what I liked about their company and the work experience I was looking for. I was shocked when several of the companies got back to me, I chose 2, went along to interviews and both offered me a position. In the end I picked Zoombu. Whilst working at Zoombu I gained a huge amount of experience from working in a small team and in areas such as Agile Development, working with the Zend framework and producing more efficient and usable code. Working at Zoombu cemented in my mind that I wanted to be involved in tech start-ups for the considerable future.

This all loops around to the beginning of this post – starting at Warwick. As explained, for a couple of weeks I had doubts as to whether I truly needed a degree to do what I wanted to – whether I was just taking an easy route, delaying an entrance into the “real world” as such. I decided to stick it out and I have no regrets, I have already learned a lot, especially from the formal business side of the course and am looking forward to what the course will teach me in the coming couple of years. I have met lots of great people and am looking forward to whatever comes next. Of course, if I have my own Zuckerberg moment and Pint Drop truly does take off, taking too much of my time to reasonably continue my degree, I will make the leap. Until then I feel that university has a lot more to offer, and that I can balance obtaining a good degree with running a successful company.